Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials that make up these products is crucial for ensuring their safety, comfort, and effectiveness. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the pad.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabric or perforated film. The materials used must be soft, breathable, and hypoallergenic to prevent irritation and ensure comfort.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). The wood pulp provides bulk and structure, while the SAP enhances the pad’s absorbency and retention capabilities.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage. It is commonly made from polyethylene film, which is waterproof and flexible. Some back sheets may also include a breathable microporous film to enhance comfort.

### Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary pad to the underwear. It is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive that provides a strong yet gentle hold. The adhesive must be skin-friendly and easy to remove without leaving residue.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and safety.

### Softness and Comfort

Materials used in the top sheet and absorbent core must be soft and comfortable to prevent irritation and chafing. Non-woven fabrics and perforated films are chosen for their gentle texture.

### Absorbency and Retention

The absorbent core must have high absorbency and retention capabilities to effectively manage menstrual flow. The combination of wood pulp and SAP ensures that the pad can absorb and lock in fluid, preventing leakage.

### Breathability

Breathability is essential to prevent moisture buildup and maintain skin health. Microporous films and breathable non-woven fabrics are used to allow air circulation while keeping the pad secure.

### Hypoallergenic

All materials used in sanitary pads must be hypoallergenic to minimize the risk of allergic reactions. This is particularly important for the top sheet and adhesive, which come into direct contact with the skin.

### Environmental Considerations

With increasing awareness of environmental issues, there is a growing demand for eco-friendly materials in sanitary pads. Biodegradable and compostable materials are being explored as alternatives to traditional synthetic components.

## Conclusion

The composition and properties of raw materials used in sanitary pads play a critical role in determining their performance and user satisfaction. By understanding these components, manufacturers can continue to innovate and improve the quality of these essential hygiene products.